江西实体经济发展的困境:基于政府和企业两个视角的分析

The Dilemma Faced by the Real Economy in Jiangxi Province——Analysis Based on the Perspectives of Government and Enterprise

政府和企业是实体经济发展过程中的重要利益相关者。对于目前实体经济发展面临的困境,企业认为排在前五位的困难分别是各类要素成本上升、融资难、各类审批手续繁杂、市场开拓难和用工难;政府认为排在前五位的困难分别是各类要素成本上升、融资难、企业决策与管理水平较低、技术创新乏力和市场开拓难。独立样本T检验结果表明,政府和企业对于"融资难"和"市场开拓难"的赋值得分均值不存在显著差异;对于"用工难"的严重程度存在较小的差异;对于"企业决策与管理水平较低""各类要素成本上升"和"各类审批手续繁杂"的严重程度存在中等程度的差异;对于"技术创新乏力"的严重程度存在较大程度的差异。基于此,从努力提升创新能力、持续推动简政放权和政银企协同合作三方面入手,着力解决实体经济面临的主要困难。与此同时,政府和企业有必要就企业发展的相关问题展开深层次的沟通。

Government and enterprise are important stakeholders in the development of the real economy.From enterprises'perspective,cost rise,financing difficulty,complex approval procedure,difficulty to expand market,and employment difficulty are five top difficulties faced by them.Whereas,government officials believe that cost rise,financing difficulty,low level on decision-making and management among enterprises,lack of technological innovation,and difficulty to expand market are five top difficulties faced by enterprises.The results of the independent sample T test showed that there was no significant difference of government officials'and enterprises'perspective on the severity of the"financing difficulty"and"difficulty to expand market".However,their opinions on the severity of the"employment difficulty"have small level significant difference;besides,their opinions on the severity of the"low level on decision-making and management among enterprises","cost rise",and"complex approval procedure"have medium level significant difference;what's more,their opinions on the severity of the"lack of technological innovation"have large level significant difference.Based on this,efforts should be made to improve innovation capacity,continue to promote streamlining administration and delegating power,and coordinate cooperation between governments,banks and enterprises,so as to alleviate major difficulties faced by the real economy.Meanwhile,it is necessary for the government and enterprises to have in-depth communication on issues related to enterprise development.