植保无人机喷施草铵膦在叶菜田清园灭茬中的效果

Efficacy of Plant Protection UAV Spraying of Glufosinate-Ammonium on Stubble and Weeds in Leafy Vegetable Fields

为明确植保无人机喷施草铵膦在叶菜田清园灭茬中的应用前景,以200 g/L草铵膦水剂作为试验药剂,对P20 2018款植保无人机雾滴沉积分布与飘移情况进行研究,并比较不同施药方式及喷液量处理对叶菜残茬及主要杂草的防除效果。结果表明,当P20 2018款植保无人机飞行速度为3 m/s、高度为1. 5 m(距植物冠层)、喷液量为15. 0～22. 5 L/hm^2时,药剂处理区雾滴沉积总密度可达44. 8～60. 7个/cm^2,在飞行边界2. 5、5. 0 m处雾滴密度分别为3. 0～4. 3、1. 0～1. 4个/cm^2;当草铵膦有效成分用量为750～1 500 g a. i./hm^2时,施药后14 d植保无人机对杂草和叶菜残茬总体株防效达94. 2%～97. 3%,鲜质量防效达95. 8%～98. 4%。同等施药剂量下,不同施药方式或不同喷液量处理对杂草或叶菜残茬的防效无显著性差异。

The deposition distribution and drift of the droplets produced by the four-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)(P202018)were analyzed,and the control effect to main weeds and leafy vegetable stubbles by different application modes and spraying volume were compared,to clarify the application prospect of plant protection UAV in cleaning stubble and weeds of leafy vegetable fields,with glufosinate-ammonium at 200g/L aqueous solution.When flying at a speed of 3m/s,an altitude(from the plant canopy)of 1.5m and spraying a volume of 15.0~22.5L/hm^2,the UAV deposited droplets of the chemical at densities of 44.8~60.7particle/cm^2;the densities were 3.0~4.3particle/cm^2 and 1.0~1.4particle/cm^2 at distances of 2.5m and5.0m away from the boundary.When glufosinate-ammonium was sprayed at 750~1500g a.i./hm^2 by the plant protection UAV,about 94.2%~97.3% of the weeds and stubble were controlled as reflected by a fresh weight reduction of 95.8%~98.4% at 14 days after treatment.The efficacy was not affected(P<0.05)by spraying volume or method when glufosinate-ammonium was applied at the same dosage.