18种茎叶处理除草剂紫花苜蓿田应用效果测定

Efficacy of 18 Foliage Herbicide Treatment on Medicago sativa Field

紫花苜蓿是我国主要的牧草之一,为明确适合于紫花苜蓿田应用的除草剂,于2016年进行18种除草剂防除紫花苜蓿田杂草的效果及对紫花苜蓿安全性的试验测定。结果表明,紫花苜蓿对除草剂敏感度较高,供试的18种除草剂中仅有9种对紫花苜蓿安全,其中甲咪唑烟酸可以用于紫花苜蓿田防除禾本科或者阔叶杂草,对紫花苜蓿安全性好且杂草防除效果好;高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油、精喹禾灵和烯草酮这3种药剂可以用在以禾本科杂草为主的紫花苜蓿田;灭草松、唑嘧磺草胺、嗪草酸甲酯和扑草净等4种药剂对紫花苜蓿安全,对阔叶杂草防除效果好,但对禾本科杂草防除效果差或无效,可以应用在以阔叶杂草为主的紫花苜蓿田;另外的乙氧氟草醚等10种药剂不可应用在紫花苜蓿田。

Medicago sativa is one of the main forages in China.To identify herbicides suitable for application in M.sativa fields,18 herbicides were tested for weed control and crop selectiviy in 2016.M.sativa was sensitive to several herbicides and only nine of them could be considered as safe to M.sativa.Among them,imazameth could be used to effectively control grassy or broadleaf weeds with ample selectivity.Haloxyfop-P-methyl,quizalofop-P-ethyl and clethodim controlled grassy weeds.Bentazone,flumetsulam,fluthiacet-methyl and prometryn were also selective,controlling broadleaf weeds but poor efficacy on grasses.The rest of the herbicides,including oxyfluorfen should not be field applied onto M.sativa because lack of adequate efficacy and marginal crop selectivity.