日美贸易摩擦经验与教训再审视

A Research on the Experience and Lessons of the Japan and the United States Trade Friction

日美贸易摩擦的历史长达四十余年,对日本的经济发展产生了深远影响。近年美国面临着经常账户与财政双赤字问题的困扰,中美贸易摩擦日趋激烈。在这一背景下,有必要回顾与分析日美贸易摩擦的历史,探讨其中的经验与教训。通过国际经济理论分析得知经常账户不平衡问题的根源在于两国经济结构上的差异,需要采取结构性改革措施调整,贸易措施并不能解决这一问题。分析日美贸易摩擦历史发现,日本通过扩大对外直接投资、推动自主创新应对了美国的贸易措施,但也存在错误的经济政策影响经济发展、贸易摩擦抑制产业升级等教训。中国应促进自主创新,推动产业升级,扩大对外开放,积极吸引对华投资,实现中国经济的可持续发展。

The history of Japan and US trade friction has lasted for more than40years which has had a profound impact on Japan's economic development.In recent years,the United States is facing the problem of the current account and fiscal double deficit.The Sino-US trade friction is becoming increasingly fierce.It is necessary to review and analyze the history of Japan-US trade friction and explore its experiences and lessons.Through the analysis of international economic theory,the most important cause of the current account imbalance is the difference in economic structure between the two countries.Only the structural reform measures can solve this problem,trade measures would not have any effect.Though the analysis of the history of Japan-US trade frictions,we found that Japan has responded to US trade measures by expanding foreign direct investment and promoting innovation,but there are also some lessons such as wrong economic policies affecting the Japanese economy development and trade frictions to suppress industrial upgrading.China should promote independent innovation,push forward industrial upgrading,expand opening up and attract investment in China,which will contribute to the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.