东太平洋克拉里昂-克利帕顿断裂区多金属结核保留区的气象状况和预报规律

Meteorological Conditions and Forecasting Rules of Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone in Eastern Pacific

为保障我国大洋矿产资源的勘探和开采,文章根据我国于2017年对东太平洋克拉里昂-克利帕顿断裂区多金属结核保留区开展首次调查的志愿船观测数据,结合实际天气和预报过程,在对观测数据进行处理和分析的基础上,总结调查期间该保留区的气象状况和预报规律。研究结果表明:受冷高压及其外围的影响,保留区风向和风速变化较大,在预报过程中须实时关注冷空气的中心位置、走向和持续时间,适时调整作业方案;保留区气压与天气系统吻合较好,气温和湿度受降水影响,且降水频繁;除10月可能受到飓风影响外,保留区11月风速通常比10月大。

The meteorological conditions and forecasting rules of the reserved area during the investigation period were summarized based on the measured data of volunteer ship in the first survey of polymetallic nodules in the ClarionClipperton fracture zone in the East Pacific in 2017,combined with the actual weather and forecasting process.The results showed that the wind direction and wind speed of the reserved area varied greatly due to the influence of cold high pressure and its periphery.In the forecasting process,the central position,strike and duration of the cold air should be paid attention to in real time,and the operation plan should be adjusted in time.The system is in good agreement between the pressure and weather of the reserved area,the temperature and humidity are affected by precipitation,and precipitation is frequent.In the reserved area the wind speed in November is usually larger than that in October except affected by hurricanes.