改革开放以来制造业转型升级路径研究——基于微笑曲线理论视角

改革开放40年来,制造业发展迅猛:创新投入不断增加、工业出口能力大大提高、部分产业已达到世界先进水平。然而,在国际竞争格局中,我国制造业产业长期处于价值链低端,缺乏高端产品与服务,供需严重不匹配。基于微笑曲线理论,回顾制造业改革开放以来发展历程,结合当前面临的挑战,提出三方面转型升级路径,分别是加强技术创新、重塑自身品牌和培育智能制造,以期为提升我国制造业国际地位、实现制造业企业从微笑曲线低端环节向高端环节的跃迁提供参考意见。

In the past four decades of reform and opening up,the manufacturing sector has developed rapidly:investment in innovation has been increasing,industrial export capacity has been greatly improved,and some industries have reached world-class advanced levels.However,in the international competition pattern,China's manufacturing industry has been at the bottom of the value chain for a long time,lacking high-end products and services and seriously unmatched supply and demand.Based on the smiling curve theory,this paper reviews the development of the manufacturing industry since the reform and opening up,and combined with the current manufacturing challenges,puts forward the upgrade path from the three aspects of strengthening technological innovation,remodeling its own brand and nurturing smart manufacturing so as to provide the reference to enhance the international status of China's manufacturing industry and realize the transition of manufacturing enterprises from the low-end of the smile curve to the high end of the smile curve.