发展性阅读障碍的视觉注意广度技能

Skills of visual attention span in developmental dyslexia

发展性阅读障碍在许多任务中都出现同时性加工多个视觉刺激的困难,即视觉注意广度缺陷。本文分别综述了国内外探查阅读障碍视觉注意广度的研究。目前,相关研究结果仍存争议,这可能与背景语言的正字法深度以及被试年龄发展差异有关。未来研究还需利用干预、跨语言比较等方法进一步探讨阅读障碍与视觉注意广度之间的关系,并结合脑电、脑成像技术探究汉语阅读障碍视觉注意广度的内在神经机制。

A specific deficit in individuals with developmental dyslexia has been repeatedly found in many tasks that had one aspect in common, that was, the processing of multiple visual elements in parallel. This skill is regarded as the visual attention span. This paper reviews the relevant literature about the visual attention span of the dyslexics in the contexts of alphabetic languages and Chinese. Currently, the relevant findings have been still in debate, and the inconsistent results may be attributed to the differences in orthographic depth of the background language and the participants’ ages. Future studies can further explore the relationship between visual attention span and reading disability through the methods of the intervention study and cross-language comparison; meanwhile the neural mechanisms underlying the visual attention span of Chinese individuals with dyslexia could be investigated by the neuroimaging techniques.