主观记忆减退老年人情节记忆的行为表现及其脑机制

Episodic memory performance and underlying brain mechanisms in elderly with subjective memory decline

情节记忆是个体对特定时间、特定地点所经历的特定事件的记忆。主观报告情节记忆下降是主观记忆减退老年人最典型的表现。与健康对照组老年人相比,主观记忆减退老年人情节记忆下降的速率更快,罹患老年性痴呆的风险更高,但其情节记忆加工的脑机制尚不明确。前人研究提示,主观记忆减退老年人在外在记忆行为尚未出现损伤的情况下,其大脑情节记忆相关脑区的神经活动已经出现异常。探究主观记忆减退的记忆神经环路关键节点和路径的异常,揭示神经环路在老年痴呆发生发展中的变化规律,对深入理解老年痴呆的发病机制有重要的科学意义。同时,主观记忆减退老年人作为特殊的记忆损伤群体,对其神经环路的深入探究,也必将为揭示人类记忆的神经机制做出独特的贡献。

Episodic memory (EM) is the collection of past personal experiences that have occurred at a particular time and place. Subjective decline in EM is reported in the elderly with subjective memory decline (SMD). The elderly with SMD have a faster rate of EM decline and a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) than do healthy controls. However, the brain mechanisms of episodic memory impairment in SMD are unclear. Previous studies suggest that even when memory performance has no observable deficits, the brain structure and function associated with EM have been abnormal in SMD. Two further studies are of vital scientific significance for understanding the pathogenesis of AD. One is to explore the abnormal key nodes and paths of memory neural circuits in SMD. The other is to reveal the changes in the neural circuits in the progression of AD. In addition, considering that the elderly with SMD are a special group with memory impairment, an in-depth investigation into the neural circuits in this group, will make a unique contribution to revealing the neural mechanism of human memory.