广州市流动青少年情绪与行为问题分析

Analysis of emotional and behavioral problems among migrant adolescents in Guangzhou

目的了解并分析广州市流动青少年的情绪与行为问题。方法采用家庭环境量表中文版、UCLA孤独感量表、青少年攻击行为量表对广州市360名流动青少年及331名本地青少年进行调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果不同性别流动青少年的UCLA孤独感量表得分差异有统计学意义,且女生的得分高于男生(P<0.05);而不同年级流动青少年的UCLA孤独感量表得分差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同性别流动青少年的直接攻击分量表得分差异有统计学意义,且男生的得分高于女生(P<0.05);而不同年级流动青少年的直接攻击分量表、间接攻击分量表及青少年攻击行为量表得分的差异均没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。流动青少年的UCLA孤独感量表、直接攻击分量表、间接攻击分量表以及青少年攻击行为量表得分均高于本地青少年,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。流动青少年在家庭环境量表中的亲密度分量表、知识性分量表及娱乐性分量表上的得分均低于本地青少年,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论流动青少年存在严重的情绪与行为问题,心理健康亟待改善。

Objective To investigate and analyze the emotional and behavioral problems among migrant adolescents in Guangzhou.Methods A total of 360 migrant adolescents and331local adolescents in Guangzhou participated in this survey.The Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version,UCLA Loneliness Scale,Adolescent Aggressive Behavior Scale were used for the survey.Data were collected and statistically analyzed.Results Female adolescents scored significantly higher than males on the UCLA Loneliness Scale(P<0.05);while the UCLA Loneliness Scale score did not vary significantly across all grades(P>0.05).Male adolescents scored significantly higher than females on the Direct Aggression Subscale(P<0.05);while the Direct Aggression Subscale score,Indirect Aggression Subscale score,and Adolescent Aggressive Behavior Scale did not vary significantly across all grades(P>0.05).Compared with local adolescents,migrant adolescents scored significantly higher on the UCLA Loneliness Scale,Direct Aggression Subscale,Indirect Aggression Subscale,and Adolescent Aggressive Behavior Scale(P<0.05).Migrant adolescents scored significantly lower than local adolescents on the intimacy,knowledge,and amusement subscales of the Family Environment Scale(P<0.05).Conclusion Migrant adolescents have serious emotional and behavioral problems,and there is an urgent need to improve their mental health.