玉米象和米象交配行为研究

MATING BEHAVIORS OF SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS AND SITOPHILUS ORYZAE

玉米象、米象是两种重要的储粮害虫,其蛀食性取食行为不仅可以引起粮食数量和质量的损失,还为赤拟谷盗等粉食性害虫的发生创造有利条件,因此研究玉米象和米象的繁殖交配行为对于减少其发生具有重要的意义。为了解玉米象、米象交配规律和雌虫对雄虫交配选择行为模式,在(28±5)℃、RH(60±5)%条件下观察不同日龄玉米象和米象的交配行为。结果显示:在自然光照条件下,玉米象、米象在羽化后15 d内,交配起始时间随日龄增长而缩短,交配持续时间随日龄增长而延长,玉米象和米象的交配高峰期分别是羽化后15日龄和15~20日龄,在此期间交配起始时间最短,交配时间最长,交配率最高;与光照条件相比,黑暗条件下米象和玉米象的交配起始时间和交配持续时间显著提高,但交配率并无显著差异。玉米象和米象雌虫交配偏好选择个体较大的雄虫,分别占比75%±0.58%和65%±1.15%,但其交配起始时间和交配持续时间均无显著性差异。结果说明了玉米象和米象交配规律是交配持续时间均随日龄的增加而增加,黑暗条件更有利于玉米象和米象的交配,玉米象和米象雌虫交配偏好选择个体较大的雄虫。研究玉米象、米象交配规律为科学防治玉米象、米象提供了理论支持和基础数据。

Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky,maize weevil,and Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus,rice weevil,are two bored pests,whose feeding behavior can not only cause loss of weight and quality of stored grains,but also create favorable conditions for the occurrence of powdery feeding pests such as Tribolium castaneum Herbst.Therefore,the research on mating behavior of Sitophilus zeamais and Sitophilus oryzae is of great importance to reduce its occurrence.In order to understand the mating regularity and mating preference of maize weevil and rice weevil,the mating behavior of maize weevil and rice weevil was observed at different day age under(28±5)℃ and (60±5)%RH.The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the mating latency time and the age while mating duration correlated positively with age during 15 days of maize weevil and rice weevil under natural light conditions.The peak mating age of maize weevil and rice weevil were 15 days and 15~20 days after emergence,respectively,during which the maize weevil and rice weevil had the shortest mating latency time,the longest mating duration and the highest mating rate.Compared with the natural light conditions,the mating latency time and mating duration of maize weevil and rice weevil increased significantly in darkness,while the mating rates had no obvious difference.What’s more,large body size males of maize weevil and rice weevil got chance to mate easily,accounting for 75.00%±0.58% and 65.00%±1.15%,but the mating latency time and mating duration differed non-significantly.The results revealed that mating duration of maize weevil and rice weevil increased with age,the dark conditions were more conducive to the mating,and maize weevil and rice weevil females preferred to choose heavier males.The research on the mating behavior of maize weevil and rice weevil will provide theoretical support and basic data for controlling them scientifically.