玉米品种抗蚜性鉴定评价方法与标准研究

Study on the methodology and criterion for evaluating corn resistance to Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch

本研究以玉米蚜为研究对象,在云南省昭通地区通过田间调查和相关数据分析,研究了玉米蚜田间种群动态,评价了27个不同品种玉米的抗蚜性,探索了更为简便的玉米抗蚜性评价方法。结果表明:玉米蚜在田间的发生有两个高峰期,分别是抽雄散粉期和蜡熟期;采用玉米整个生育期蚜量比值法比较不同品种玉米的抗性,发现高抗品种有6个、抗性品种有6个、中抗品种有6个、感虫品种有4个、高感品种有5个,玉米蚜的种群数量在不同品种玉米间存在显著差异;采用玉米蚜暴发时期到玉米完熟期的蚜量比值来评价玉米抗蚜性可行。

The methods and techniques for evaluating corn resistance to the corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch) were studied and also the evaluation criterion. 27 corn varieties were selected and compared in field conditions at Zhaotong,Yunnan Province. The results indicated there were two peak of the aphid population in the tasseling and dough stage,respectively during the corn development. There were 6 highly resistant,6 resistant,6 moderately resistant,4 susceptible and 5 highly susceptible to corn leaf aphid,respectively,among the tested 27 corn varieties evaluated by using whole growth period aphid number ratio. The number of corn leaf aphid were significantly different among the tested varieties. It was concluded that using the aphid number ratio during the period the beginning of the peak of aphid population to physiological maturity of corn is reliable for evaluating the corn resistance to corn leaf aphid.