师范生实训课程体验教学法探究

Normal Students' Experiential Instruction in the Practical Training Courses

依据库伯的体验学习圈和师范生的学习方式,建构适合实训课程的五段体验教学法,分别是:明确目标,设计训练项目;规范体验要求,加强方法指导;提供交流,反馈体验成果;作业检测,评估技能水平;创造应用情境,促进知识内化。体验教学法应用于"课堂教学技能训练",根据学生反馈,五步骤是适合师范生的,而且有助于师范生习得教学技能和应对教师资格考试面试。针对受访学生提出的建议,教师教育者应做出三个方面的改善:一是围绕学习目标和训练项目,加强第一课时的师生对话;二是正确处理体验教学中的师生关系,明确教师的指导内涵;三是关注真实的情境和连贯的步骤,强调体验的现场感与经验转化。

This study applied David Kolb’s theory of experiential learning cycle and learning approach of normal students to explore the five phases of the experiential instructional method in practical training courses in ways as follows:targeted design of training programs,standardized experiential requirements and methodological guidance,interactive feedback of experiential share,assignments test for evaluating skills level,and creation of application scenarios for knowledge integration.These ways were employed in the course of training classroom teaching skills,especially in normal students’training,to help them acquire teaching skills and pass the interview of teachers qualification tests.The current research emphasized that teachers can make greater efforts in the areas of teacher-student dialogue in the first class on learning objectives and training programs,rational teacher-student relationship and clarified guidelines,and experiential sense of reality and transform of experience in realistic contexts and coherent process.