118个小麦新品系的农艺性状和分子标记评价

Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Molecular Markers in 118 New Wheat Strains

【目的】为了解利用大穗型种质普冰04-3504创制的118个衍生小麦新品系的性状表现,对其农艺性状和分子标记位点进行了评价。【方法】对10个农艺性状进行了调查,进行了简单相关分析、多元回归分析和聚类分析,并利用黑麦特异标记对新品系进行评价。【结果】性状分析表明,供试材料各农艺性状存在显著差异,部分新品系具有高穗粒数和高千粒重的特点,27.97%的品系穗粒数>60粒,35.6%的品系千粒重>50 g。相关分析表明,单株产量与抽穗期、穗长、小穗数、有效分蘖数和穗粒数呈极显著正相关,与株高达到极显著负相关。多元回归分析表明,群体中抽穗期、小穗数、有效分蘖数、穗粒数和千粒重是主要的产量影响因子,其中对单株产量影响最大的是有效分蘖和穗粒数。聚类分析将供试材料分为农艺性状表现各异的6类。小麦黑麦特异引物ω-sec-p3/p4对供试材料的鉴定表明,所有材料均含有黑麦1RS血缘。【结论】部分新创制的小麦新品系保留了亲本的多粒特性,以及具有黑麦1RS血缘,其中表现突出的材料可以在小麦遗传研究和育种中得到利用。

【Objective】In order to understand the performance of 118 new wheat strains created by the germplasm Pubing 04-3504 with large-spike type,agronomic traits and molecular marker loci were e valuated.【Method】A total of 10 agronomic traits were evaluated by correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis,and cluster analysis,while all the strains we investigated by special molecular marker of rye.【Result】The analysis of traits showed that there were significant differences in agronomic traits among the wheat strains.Some of wheat strains had higher kernel number per spike and higher thousand-kernel weight.Kernel number per spike exceeded 60 in 27.97%of all the strains,and thousand-kernel weight exceeded 50 g in 35.6%of the strains.The correlation analysis showed that the grain weight per plant had a significant positive correlation with the heading date,spike length,spikelet per spike,fertile tillers number and kernels number per spike;the plant height reached a significant negative correlation.Multivariate regression analysis showed that the heading date,spikelet per spike,fertile tillers number,kernel number per spike and thousand-kernel weight were the main factors affecting the grain weight per plant.Cluster analysis divided all materials in six groups with different agronomic performance.All the strains contained 1RS fragment of rye through evaluating the rye-derived specificω-sec-p3/p4 marker locus.【Conclusion】The results indicated that the newly breeding wheat strains retained the multi-species specificity of the parents and had rye 1RS ancestry,and outstanding performance materials can be used in wheat genetic research and breeding