中国总体国家安全观与冷战后美国安全观差异的五维探源

A Five-dimension Approach to the Causes of the Differences between China and the Post Cold War USA in Terms of the Overall Security Concept

中国追求"整体和平"的总体国家安全观与冷战后谋求实现"美国治下的和平"的美国国家安全观截然迥异。两国安全观的根本差异与各自的历史文化、发展道路、世界文明观、制度基础、利益指向以及国家安全思想理论基石的不同有密切的关系。中国总体国家安全观根基于和合文化的"贵和"传统,走的是维护自身安全和世界和平之路,以开放、包容的姿态维护世界文明多样性,在社会主义制度基础上以维护人类共同利益为己任,继承了中国共产党历代领导集体的国家安全观成果。冷战后美国的安全观渊源于罗马文化的"尚武"精神,走的是武力扩张之路,鼓吹"文明冲突论",以西方文明排斥、遏制非西方文明,在资本主义制度前提下追求狭隘的国家利益,吸收了以霸权为核心的各类主流国际安全理论。

The overall national security concept that China pursues for overall peace is quite different from the US national security concept that seeks to achieve.peace under the rule of the United States after the cold war.The fundamental differences between the two countries'security concepts are closely related to their respective historical cultures,development paths,views on world civilization,institutional bases,interest orientations,and theoretical bases of national security thought.China s overall security concept,based on its cultural tradition of"treasuring harmony and committed to safeguarding its own security and the world peace,is intended to maintain the diversity of civilizations worldwide in an open and inclusive attitude and to secure the common interests of mankind on the basis of socialist system,and is an inheritance of all the fruits of the Chinese Communist Party's collective leadership in this respect.As a contrast,after the cold war,with its security concept,originating from the warrior spirit of the Roman culture,the U.S embarks on the road of military expansion,advocating clash of civilizations",embracing its own while rejecting and curbing those non-western civilizations,pursuing its national interest in its own narrow sense under the capitalist system,and meanwhile absorbing the mainstream international security theories centering on hegemony.