中国反恐怖主义出入境管制措施研究

Research on China's Entry-Exit Control Measures against Terrorism

在国际反恐形势日益严峻的背景下,许多国家针对恐怖活动人员出入境进行了法律规制。立足国际国内反恐怖主义斗争的客观情势,2015年颁布的《中华人民共和国反恐怖主义法》(以下简称《反恐怖法》)也回应了此现实需要。针对新颁布的《反恐怖主义法》在适用对象、出入境管制措施的时限、救济程序等方面存在的缺失,借鉴英国等国"临时禁入令"措施的经验,我国《反恐怖主义法》应尽快制定实施细则,明确"恐怖活动嫌疑人员"的认定机关与认定标准,详细规定出入境强制措施的具体适用程序及效力期限、申请复核程序及期限以及复核机关做出最终决定的期限等问题,以增强《反恐怖主义法》的可操作性。

Against the background of the increasingly severe international situation of counter-terrorism,many countries have made legal regulations on the entry and exit of terrorist personnel.Based on the objective situation of the international and domestic fight against terrorism,the Anti-Terrorism Law promulgated by China in 2015also responds to this realistic need.Given the deficiencies of the newly promulgated Anti-Terrorism Law in terms of the object of application,time limit for entry-exit control measures and relief procedures,we can learn from the UK and other countries'experience with exercising temporary prohibition order.In order to enhance its operability,China's Anti-Terrorism Law should formulate detailed implementation rules as soon as possible,and clarify the identification authorities and standards of"suspected terrorists"and specify the application procedures and valid period of entry-exit enforcement measures,as well as application review procedures and time limit,and the time limit for final decision by the review authorities.