湖南通道地区侗族百年鼓楼平面布局演变探析

The Evolution of Plane Layout of Dong Nationality's Drum Tower in Tongdao Area,Hu'nan Province

鼓楼作为侗族建筑的代表之一,具有极高的建筑学研究价值。现阶段对于侗族鼓楼平面的研究主要是运用人类学和社会学的观点而进行的,以建筑学视角为背景的研究较少。该文以湖南通道地区百年鼓楼的平面类型为考察对象,对传统鼓楼平面进行分析与归纳,总结出了平面演变的规律。早期鼓楼平面与居住类建筑类似,采用了厅堂式的布局手法。随后,平面类型逐渐演变为了具有鼓楼自身特色的"回字型"平面结构。随着村落的扩张,后期兴建的鼓楼平面类型又出现了以交通为主的寨门式鼓楼。通过本次乡野考察,旨在为今后少数民族聚落中传统建筑的保护、传承和利用提供依据。

The drum tower is the representatives of Dong architectural styles,it has great value for architectural research.At current stage,the research of planes of drum towers focused on Anthropology and Sociology area.The research using architectural viewpoint is limited.Choosing drum towers with at least one hundred years'history to be the object of investigation.The hall type has been chosen to be the design method in planes of drum towers in early stage.After that,the types of plans have generated their unique hollow square structure feature.With the development of settlements.The plane types have emerged the plane with the function of transportation.According to this field research,we aim to offer reference for protecting,inheriting and utilizing traditional buildings in minority settlements.