温湿度对稻谷粮堆结露的影响及实仓结露预警

Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Condensation of Grain Bulk and Its Early Warning on Condensation

粮食安全是国家自立、经济发展和社会稳定的重要保障。粮食在储藏过程中由于粮堆结露使得粮堆局部水分含量升高,易引起粮食呼吸旺盛,微生物活动加剧,甚至引起粮堆发热、霉变,严重危害粮食安全。本研究通过分析空气中饱和水汽量与温湿度的关系曲线,获得露点温度与空气温度、湿度的数学模型t_2=t_1+lg(RH_1)/lg1. 063,并绘制露点温度预测图。通过实验室模拟结露绘制稻谷表层结露曲线,拟定义了稻谷表层结露的前期、中期与末期。此外分析季节交替对粮堆各区域的温度变化的影响,进行结露预警。为完善我国的粮情监测系统,指导储粮实践,保障粮食安全提供借鉴。

Food security is an important guarantee for national independence, economic development and social stability. The condensation of grain bulk has increased the local moisture content of the grain bulk in the process of storage, which may easily lead to strong food respiration, intensified microbial activities and even caused heat and mildew in grain bulk, which seriously endangered food security. In this paper, the mathematical model of the dew point temperature,air temperature and humidity were obtained by analyzing the curve of the relationship between the amount of saturated vapor in the air and temperature and humidity,t2= t1 + 1 g（ RH1）/lg1.063, and the dew point temperature prediction figure was plotted. The condensation curve of rice surface was plotted by simulating the condensation in the laboratory, and the early, middle and final stages of the surface condensation of rice were quasi-defined. In addition, the effect of seasonal alternation on temperature changed in each region of the grain bulk was analyzed and condensation warning was performed. It would provide a theoretical basis for improving Chinese grain situation monitoring system, guiding grain storage practices and ensuring food security.