我国著作权集体管理组织代表性审视

A Review on the Representativeness of China's Copyright Collective Management Organization

著作权集体管理组织的代表性是著作权集体管理有效运行的基础和保障。我国《著作权法》(修改草案)中引入集体管理组织可以代表非会员权利人的延伸性集体管理制度,要求集体管理组织应有广泛的代表性。鉴于目前我国著作权集体管理组织代表性不强,实际运作面临的困局,应拓宽作品的授权渠道,在使用量大的作品类别领域逐步建立适度竞争的集体管理组织;借鉴俄罗斯和英国立法例,对集体管理组织予以国家授权获得延伸性集体管理的资格;著作权人自己难以有效行使的权利,皆可延伸性集体管理,以提高著作权集体管理组织的代表性。

Representativeness of copyright collective management organization is the basis and guarantee for its effective operation.China's Copyright Law(draft revision)introduces in the extended collective management system,which requires collective management organization to have extensive representativeness,for example,represent also the non-member right holders.In view of the current weak representativeness of China's national copyright collective management organizations and the difficulties in their actual operation,it is suggested to broaden the channels for copyright authorization,and allow certain degree of competition among collective management organizations in respect to some category of works used in large quantity.Experiences from Russia and England are worthwhile to learn from,by which the government empowers collective management organizations to carry out extended collective management.All the rights that are difficult to be exercised by right holders can be extended managed,to raise the representativeness of copyright collective management organizations.