水下循迹航行器水动力学性能数值研究

Numerical study on hydrodynamic performance of underwater tracking vehicle

为了研究低速水下循迹监测航行器的水动力学性能数值计算问题,采用FLUENT软件和SST剪切应力输运模型,通过雷诺时均N-S方程分析流速一定的情况下,取不同攻角、不同水平舵角作为来流条件,研究未安装推进器以及安装推进器且其安装位置不同时,航行器的升力系数、俯仰力矩系数、表面压力分布和流场速度的变化规律。结果表明:在未安装推进器以及推进器的安装位置不同时,随着攻角的变化,升力系数呈线性变化,俯仰力矩系数呈非线性变化;随着水平舵角的变化,升力系数和俯仰力矩系数呈线性变化。当推进器安装在航行器头部时,对航行器流场压力和流场速度变化影响最大;当安装在航行器尾部时,对二者影响最小。对于低速航行器,应尽量将推进器安装在中间靠后位置,以提高航行器的水动力性能。升力系数的试验结果与数值仿真结果之间最大相差7. 51%,阻力系数的试验结果与数值仿真结果最大相差5. 84%,均吻合较好。研究结果可以为低速水下循迹航行器的优化设计和发展提供理论参考。

In order to study the numerical calculation of hydrodynamic performance of low-speed underwater tracking vehicle,the changing laws of the lift coefficient,pitching moment coefficient,surface pressure distribution and flow field velocity of the vehicle when the propeller is installed or installed at different positions are studied with FLUENT software and SST shear stress transport model through taking different attack angles and different horizontal rudder angles under the conditions of certain flow velocities analyzed by Reynolds-averaged Navier-stokes equation as the conditions of incoming flow.The result shows that when the propeller is installed or installed at different positions,the lift coefficient exhibits linear change and the pitching moment coefficient changes non-linearily along with the change of the attack angle.Following with the change of the horizontal rudder angle,the lift coefficient and pitching moment coefficient present linear changes.When propeller is installed on the head of the vehicle,the impact on the changes of the flow field pressure and flow field velocity of the vehicle is the largest,while the impact on both the changes is the least when the propelled is installed on the tail of the vehicle.For the low-speed vehicle,the propeller is necessary to be tried to be installed on the position in the middle near the back,so as to enhance the hydrodynamic performance of the vehicle.The maximum difference between the results of the experiment and the numerical simulation of the lift coefficient is7.51%,while the maximum difference between the results of the experiment and the numerical simulation of the drag coefficient is5.84%,both of them are better coincided.The study result can provide some theoretical references for the optimal design and development of low-speed underwater tracking vehicle.