款冬花的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

Research Progress of Chemical Compositions and Pharmacological Effects of Farfarae Flos

款冬花(Farfarae Flos)为菊科(Compositae)款冬属植物款冬(Tussilago farfara L.)的干燥花蕾,性辛温,味微苦,归肺经。广泛分布于华北、西北及江西、湖北、湖南等地,主产于陕西、山西、河南、甘肃、青海、四川、内蒙古等地。对款冬花的化学成分、药理作用进行综述,发现款冬花化学成分复杂,其中挥发油类、酚酸类、黄酮类、多糖类、甾醇类、生物碱类、萜类为款冬花的主要生物活性成分。款冬花具有多种药理活性,有润肺下气、止咳化痰的功效,临床上主要用于咳嗽、气喘、抗血小板聚集、抗炎、抗过敏、抗肿瘤等。

Farfarae Flos is dried bud of Tussilago farfara L. of Compositae assortment, which is pungent, slightly bitter, and warm;it belongs to Lung meridian. The herb is widely distributed in the places of north China, northwest China, Jiangxi, Hubei, and Hunan, and it is mainly produced in the provinces of Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Inner Mongolia. Farfarae Flos has complex chemical compositions, including volatile oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sterols, polysaccharides, sterols, alkaloids, and terpenes. The herb has the effect of moisterning Lung to descend qi , as well as relieving cough and resolving phlegm;it is clinically used mainly for cough, asthma, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, and anti-tumor. This study reviewed the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Farfarae Flos , it summed up various traits of the Farfarae Flos , thus to provide references for further research of Farfarae Flos and lay a foundation for the rational and clinical application of Farfarae Flos.