脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块特征与危险因素的关系研究

Relationship between Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques and Risk Factors in Cerebral Infarction Patients

目的:浅谈脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块特征与危险因素的关系,并进行分析研究。方法:选取某院2016年8月～2017年5月收治的43例急性脑梗死作为研究对象,同期选取非脑梗死住院患者43例作为对照组,两组患者均采用彩色多普勒超声诊断,探究患者颈动脉斑块性质、部位以及危险因素。结果:研究组颈动脉彩超检查共有34例患者查出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块,对照组12例,两组斑块查出率存在统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组扁平斑6.98%、软斑13.95%、硬斑62.79%、混合斑13.95%及总斑块个数97.67%,均较对照组数量多(0、2.33%、25.58%、4.65%、32.56%)(P<0.05);研究组吸烟85.29%、酗酒73.53%、高血压91.18%、糖尿病58.82%,均高于对照组(41.67%、33.33%、41.67%、25.00%)(P<0.05)。结论:高血压、吸烟、酗酒、糖尿病可能是诱发颈动脉血管粥样硬化形成,导致脑梗死的危险因素。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaques and risk factors in cerebral infarction patients.Methods:43 cases of patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted in a hospital from August 2016 to May 2017 were selected as the research object,meanwhile,43 non-cerebral infarction inpatients were selected as the control group,both groups were diagnosed by color doppler ultrasound,explored the nature,location and risk factors of carotid artery plaque.Results:A total of 34 cases of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were detected by carotid color doppler ultrasound,12 cases in the control group,plaque detection rate of two groups had statistical significance(P<0.05);The flat plaque,soft plaque,hard plaque and mixed plaque in study group respectively were 6.98%,13.95%,62.79%,13.95%,and total patch number was 97.67%,which were higher than those in the control group(0,2.33%,25.58%,4.65%,32.56%)(P<0.05);The study group had 85.29%smokers,73.53%alcoholics,91.18%hypertension and 58.82%diabetes,higher than the control group(41.67%,33.33%,41.67%,25.00%)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Hypertension,smoking,alcohol abuse and diabetes mellitus are the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral infarction.