邮轮休闲娱乐服务经营者的法律地位与责任承担

On the Legal Status and Liability of Cruise Entertainment Operator

邮轮休闲娱乐服务是邮轮旅游的重要组成部分。休闲娱乐服务经营者在英美法下属于独立合同人,而在我国法律之下则以认定为外包合同的承包人为宜,同时构成旅游经营者。休闲娱乐服务经营者与旅行社、乘务人员以及旅客之间通常均不存在合同关系,也不构成旅行社的履行辅助人。对于休闲娱乐服务造成的旅客人身、财产损害,旅行社、邮轮公司基于合同相对性原则,应当分别依据邮轮旅游服务合同、邮轮船票证明的海上旅客运输合同承担违约责任;根据《旅游法》第71条第2款以及《消费者权益保护法》的相关规定,旅行社、邮轮公司也应为休闲娱乐服务经营者先行承担侵权责任,邮轮公司同时还应承担选任休闲娱乐服务经营者的过失责任。

Entertainment service is an important part of cruise tourism. Cruise entertainment operator is identified as an independent contractor under Anglo-American law but a contractor of outsourcing contract and tourism operator under Chinese Law. There is no contractual relationship between the cruise entertainment operator and travel agency, cruise crew or passengers, and cruise entertainment operator is not the performance assistant of travel agency. In case of any breach of cruise tourism service contract or contract of carriage of passengers by sea for the reason of cruise entertainment operator, travel agency and cruise line shall be held liable due to the privity of contract. In case of any personal or property damage to passengers caused by cruise entertainment operator, passengers concerned may require travel agency or cruise line to honor its liability. Cruise line that is negligent in respect of the selection of cruise entertainment operator shall bear appropriate liability for compensation.