身份与意义--藏族精英贡觉仲尼国家认同论析

Identity and Significance——Taking an As Kongchod Mgrongnyer example and Analysis on the Tibetan Elite of National Identity

贡觉仲尼作为藏族精英,十分熟悉西藏地方的社会现实,对中央的边疆政策也十分关心,在民国时期沟通汉藏关系上,作用十分重要,其作为赢得了中央政府的肯定。他不仅担任雍和宫堪布,而且在民国政府临时执政期间,任"国宪起草委员会"委员,后又任国民政府"赴藏慰问专员",西藏驻京(南京)办事处处长职务,他还以蒙藏委员会委员和中执委的身份为中央政府工作。他按着不同身份努力完成使命,在错综复杂的环境中,智慧地处理各种复杂关系,在达赖与班禅之争、康藏之争、西藏地方政府与中央政府之博弈等问题上表明立场态度,履行职责。他奔走于内地与西藏,与中央和西藏的高层接触,为缓和汉藏关系做出过贡献。但在为争取达赖系统在中央和西藏地方的权益问题上,又利用《中央日报》《大公报》等媒体攻讦班禅系统、蒙藏委员会和石青阳委员长,阐明对康藏冲突的看法。作为藏族精英,其国家认同观念不容质疑,但在具体问题的处理上呈现出特殊性。通过对贡觉仲尼"呈文"和媒体资料的梳理,我们可以了解近代中国边疆问题之复杂,可以了解藏族精英在国家认同与地方利益上的"冲突"与"调试"。

Kongchod Mgrongnyer was Tibetan elite, who is very familiar with the social reality of Tibet, he also very concerned about the central border policy in the period of the republic in China, and it was to communi cate the sino-Tibetan relations, the role was playing very important, as it won the central government's affir mation. He was not only served as abbot of Yonghe Lama Temple, but also served as a member of the draft ing committee of the national constitution during the interim government of the republic in China. Later, he served as the "Special Envoy to Tibet"of the national government and the director of the office of Tibet in Nanjing. He also worked for the central government as a member of the Mongolian and Tibetan committee and a member of the Chinese executive committee. He worked hard to fulfill his mission according to differ ent identities, handled various complex relations intelligently in a complex environment, and expressed his position and attitude on issues, such as, the dispute between the Dalai lama and the Panchen lama, the dis pute between Kam-Tibet and the central government, and the game between the local government and the central government of Tibet. He traveled to the mainland and Tibet, and made high-level contacts with the central government and Tibet, and contributed to the easing of sino-Tibetan relations. However, It is in order to fight for the rights and interests of the Dalai lama's system in the central government and in Tibet, the Zhongyang Daily Paper, Dagong Daily and other media were also used to attack the Panchen Lama's system, the Mongolian and Tibetan committee and chairman Shi qingyang to clarify their views on the Kam-Tibet conflict. As the Tibetan elite, its concept of national identity cannot be questioned, but it presents particulari ty in the handling of specific problems. By combing Kongchod Mgrongnyer's "submission"and media materi als, we can understand the complexity of frontier issues in modern China, and the "conflict" and "adjust ment"of Tibetan elites in national identity and local interests.