文化资本可持续发展视域下西藏山南民族传统手工业的现代转型研究——以泽帖尔为例

A Research on the Modern Transformation of the Traditional Handicraft Industry in Lhoka Area of Tibet from the Perspective Sustainable Development of Cultural Capital——Taking the woolen fabric "Zeter" as an example

民族手工业作为一种文化资本,其可持续发展是民族文化富有生命力的表现。西藏山南是藏文化的摇篮,历史悠久,当地有很多具有民族特色的传统手工业,其现代转型问题是西藏经济社会发展中需要关注的。泽帖尔是历史上专供高僧及官员贵族使用的精品面料,随着特权阶层被消灭,生产泽帖尔的组织也瓦解,这项工艺面临失传的危机。经过多方努力抢救,泽帖尔不断发展,成功实现了现代转型,既实现了文化价值,也实现了经济价值,为西藏其他类型手工业的发展提供了借鉴模式。文章立足文化资本可持续发展,认为传统民族手工业要实现现代转型,必须同时重视手工业本身的经济文化二重属性,两者不可偏废。

As a kind of cultural capital, the sustainable development of traditional handicraft industry is the manifestation of the vitality of ethnic culture. Under the impact of globalization, the traditional handicraft industry is faced with modern transformation. Lhoka area of Tibet is the cradle of the Tibetan culture, there are many local traditional handicrafts with ethnic characteristics, among which, the woolen fabric "Zeter", the finest fabric woven for upper-ranked lamas and aristocrats use only in the Tibetan history, is one of the most representative handcrafts. From the perspective of the sustainable development of cultural capital, this article probes into the inheritance and modern transformation of the production technology of "Zeter", and proposes that it is necessary to attach importance to both economic and cultural attributes of handicrafts so as to realize the modern transformation of the traditional handicraft industry.