环境税费、政府补贴与经济高质量发展——基于空间杜宾模型的实证研究

How Environmental Tax-fee,Government Subsidy Affect Economic High Quality Development:Based on Spatial Dubin Model Empirical Research

本研究基于戴维·罗默(D.Romer)研究与开发模型,利用中国31个省(市)1997-2016年面板数据,将空间地理因素纳入分析范畴,运用空间杜宾模型分时间段实证考察环境税费、政府补贴对中国经济高质量发展影响。通过研究发现,实施严格的环境税费政策会倒逼企业增加清洁能源技术投入,且政府对企业技术研发补贴会激励企业自主研发,能够在提高能源利用效率增加工业产出的同时,有效治理工业"三废"问题。此外,由于工业废气(废水)能够随气流(水流)实现跨界传播,即其存在负外部性特征,且相邻地区经济发展水平相接近,故分析环境税费与政府补贴对经济高质量发展影响时,将空间地理因素纳入实证分析范畴有助于提高模型效率。鉴于此,本研究提出应实施严格的环境税费同时增加政府补贴,以有效治理环境污染并降低工业产出损失,实现经济可持续发展。

This paper,based on the D.Rmoer research-development model,examines the effects of environmental taxation policies and government subsidies on high quality economic development.The empirical study is carried out with spatial Dubin model and sub-time empirical,by applying the 1997-2016 panel data from 31 cities in China,and including the element of spatial geography into analysis.The research reveals that,when the government implements strict environmental taxation policies,enterprises feel obliged to increase their investment in the research and development of clean energy technology.It is also found that the government subsidies to the enterprises in their environmental technology research greatly facilitate and encourage the enterprises in their independent research operations in the area,thus improving energy efficiency,promoting industrial output and effectively combating the'three wastes'problem in industry.The efficiency in the use of the Model is further enhanced by the inclusion of the element of spatial geography into the empirical analysis,when the said effects are being tested,because,firstly,the spillover effects also exist in environmental pollution,i.e.industrial waste gas and waste water get spread crossborder by means of air and water flow,and secondly,the industrial output values in neighboring areas tend to be similar,indicating similar stages and types of development.The paper concludes that sustainable economic development can only be achieved by the effective control of environmental pollution and the substantial reduction of the losses in industrial output,which,the paper suggests,can be better attained by executing strict environmental taxation policies and making available sufficient government subsidies concerning environmental protection.