环保型硅胶泡沫阻燃抑烟及热分解特性

Characteristics of Flame Retardation,Smoke Inhibition and Thermal Decomposition of Environmental Silicone Foam

以铂(Pt)为催化剂,采用脱氢法制备了环保阻燃硅胶泡沫(SiFs),通过锥形量热仪测试方法分析其火灾危险性,并利用极限氧指数、烟密度和热分析等手段研究了催化剂Pt及阻燃剂超细氢氧化铝(ATH)、超细碳酸钙(CC)、超细氢氧化镁(MDH)和氢氧化铝/碳酸钙(ATH/CC)对SiFs阻燃抑烟和热分解特性的影响。研究结果表明,SiFs的火灾安全性优于聚氨酯(PU)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)材料。Pt含量对SiFs的阻燃及热分解特性影响显著,当Pt的质量分数为0.6%和0.9%时,SiFs的阻燃抑烟性能较好。Pt质量分数为0.9%时,SiF的初始分解温度最高,热稳定性好。阻燃剂添加量越多,阻燃效果越好,添加ATH的SiFs阻燃性能最好。ATH和MDH具有优异的抑烟性能,但添加ATH和MDH的SiFs力学性能随添加量增加而下降。此外,Pt及阻燃填料能够影响SiFs的初始热解温度,减缓热分解进程。

Environment-friendly and flame retardant silicone foams (SiFs) were successfully obtained by the method of dehydrogenation.The fire risk of SiFs were analyzed by cone calorimetric study.Moreover,the flame retardant,smoke suppression,and thermal stability of SiFs with Pt compounds,superfine aluminum hydroxide (ATH), ultrafine calcium carbonate (CC), superfine magnesium hydroxide (MDH), and ATH / CC were tested by limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density,and thermogravimetric analysis.The results show that SiFs have better flame retardant performance than PU and PMMA.The content of Pt compounds has a great influence on flame retardant and thermal decomposition of SiFs,the SiFs have better flame retardant and smoke suppression performance when the mass fraction of Pt compounds (3000mg / L) is 0.6%and 0.9%.The SiF exhibits the highest initial decomposition temperature when the mass fraction of Pt compounds (3000mg / L) is 0.9%, the thermal stability is much better than that of the SiF with 0.6%Pt compounds (3000mg / L).The more flame retardant,the better flame retardancy,and ATH has the best flame retardancy for SiFs.ATH and MDH possess outstanding smoke suppression,while the mechanical performance of SiFs would obviously decrease with the increase of ATH and MDH.Furthermore,Pt compounds and flame retardant (ATH,CC,MDH,and ATH / CC) can make a difference on the initial pyrolysis temperature of SiFs,they can also slow down the thermal decomposition.