抗蛇行减振器参数对车辆稳定性的影响分析

Analysis of the Influences of the Yaw Damper Parameters on the Vehicle Stability

介绍了抗蛇行减振器的简化模型——Maxwell模型。基于蛇形运动的稳定性理论,推导了带抗蛇行减振器的刚性转向架的线性临界速度解析表达式。利用表达式研究了不同等效锥度下抗蛇行减振器串联刚度和结构阻尼对临界速度的影响。研究结果表明:在相同锥度下,结构阻尼和串联刚度存在最佳匹配关系,小结构阻尼应配合小串联刚度,较大结构阻尼应配合较大串联刚度,大结构阻尼应配合大串联刚度;在满足结构阻尼和串联刚度匹配的大范围下,不同等效锥度应匹配不同的串联刚度和结构阻尼,小锥度应匹配较小的串联刚度和较大的结构阻尼,大锥度应匹配较大的串联刚度和较小的结构阻尼。

This paper studies the factors that affect the critical speed of a shock absorber to improve its performance in avoiding the serpentine movement of the vehicle.Particularly,the effects of the series stiffness and structural damping under different values of equivalent conicity are investigated.First,the Maxwell simplified model of the absorber is introduced.A rigid bogie with a shock absorber is created to simulate the operation of the vehicle.Then,the analytical expression of the linear critical speed of a rigid bogie is deduced based on the theory of the hunting motion stability.The calculation results show that there is a unique structural damping threshold for each series stiffness,and they are positively correlated.To obtain a desired critical speed,a small series stiffness and large structural damping is better for a small equivalent conicity,and vice versa.