红松洼自然保护区草地群落物种多样性和土壤肥力与地上生物量的相关性研究

The grass species diversity and soil fertility research of biomass on the ground of Hongsongwa Nature Reserve

物种多样性与生物量之间的关系已经成为现代生态学研究的重要问题,而土壤肥力也是影响生物量的重要因素。文章以红松洼自然保护区为例,通过对红松洼自然保护区核心区和实验区植物的种类、数量、高度、盖度、物候期的实地采样调查,以及对两区土壤的含水量、有机质含量、全氮含量、全磷含量的实地采样调查,系统地分析了红松洼自然保护区植物物种多样性、土壤肥力与草地地上生物量三者之间的相关性。结果表明,草地群落植物物种多样性与草地地上生物量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),植物物种多样性指数、均匀度指数与草地地上生物量也呈显著的正相关(P<0.05),土壤肥力中土壤水分、土壤全氮含量与草地地上生物量之间并无显著相关性(P>0.05),但是与土壤有机质含量呈显著的正相关性(P<0.05),与土壤全磷呈显著的负相关性(r<0)。揭示可以通过提高植物物种多样性和土壤有机质含量来提高草地地上生物量。

The relationship between biodiversity and biomass has become an important problem in modern ecology research. Plant growth and development are related with soil factors. We took Hongsongwa Nature Reserve as an example, to investigate the relationship by analyzing the plant species, quantity, height, and coverage, as well as the parameters including soil water content, organic matter content, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus content. The results showed that species diversity and above biomass of grassland were significantly and positively correlated(P < 0.05); the grass species diversity index and evenness index and above biomass of grassland also were significantly and positively correlated(P < 0.05). Soil moisture and soil total nitrogen content were not related with the above biomass of grassland(P > 0.05), positively related with the soil organic matter content(P < 0.05), but negatively related with soil total phosphorus(r < 0). The biomass of grassland can be increased by increasing species diversity and soil organic matter content.