网络成瘾的遗传学研究述评

A review of genetics research on internet addiction

网络成瘾的特征性表现为对互联网产生强烈的依赖,以至于达到了痴迷的程度而难以自我解脱的行为状态和心理状态。随着网络的普及,网络成瘾的现象越来越严重,网络成瘾已成为影响青少年身心健康和学业表现的重要因素。从遗传学的角度探讨网络成瘾的形成机制具有重要的理论价值及临床应用价值。双生子研究发现,网络成瘾具有一定的遗传度。分子遗传学研究发现,单胺能神经递质相关基因,如5-羟色胺转运基因、多巴胺受体基因和烟碱乙酰胆碱受体基因等,与网络成瘾有关。未来的研究需要进一步结合遗传学和神经生物学,探讨网络成瘾的形成和作用机制。

The characteristic of internet addiction is that it has a strong dependence on the internet, so it has reached the level of obsession and is difficult to extricate itself from the behavior and psychological state. With the popularization of the internet, the phenomenon of internet addiction is getting more and more serious. Internet addiction has become an important factor affecting the physical and mental health and normal academic performance of teenagers. Exploring the formation mechanism of internet addiction from the perspective of genetics has important theoretical value and clinical application value. Twin studies have found that internet addiction has a certain degree of heredity. Molecular genetics studies have found that monoamine neurotransmitter related genes, such as serotonin transporter gene, dopamine receptor gene and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene,are related to internet addiction. Future research needs to further combine genetics and neurobiology to explore the formation and mechanism of internet addiction.