江西浙江红山茶白花变异的发现与分子考证

Discovery and molecular verification of Camellia chekiangoleosa in Jiangxi Province

在江西婺源的浙江红山茶天然林分里发现少量的白花变异植株,花色在White Group NN155B～C之间。白花变异植株树型、叶型、果型与浙江红山茶原种整体差别不大。为鉴定这类变异植株是新物种亦或是原种变种或变型,本文利用RPB2低拷贝核基因标记开展红山茶组与油茶组主要近缘种的分子甄别。研究结果显示,各山茶属物种的kimur2-parameter平均距离为0.019,与各近缘种比较,浙江红山茶与油茶组的越南油茶、普通油茶有更近的亲缘关系。浙江红山茶原种与白花变异kimur2-parameter距离仅为0.005,远小于各近缘种间距离。系统发育树显示包括白花变异的浙江红山茶不同个体能按同一物种聚成一类与其他物种分离,结果支持白花变异作为浙江红山茶变异类型进行归并。研究将浙江红山茶与其近缘种区分出来,进一步为生产应用中浙江红山茶种真实性甄别提供了可靠的研究方法,同时也为浙江红山茶白花新品种考证提供了重要的分子依据。

A small number of white-flower variant plants were found in the natural forest of Camellia chekiangoleosa in Wuyuan,Jiangxi Province.The color of the white-flower variant plants ranged from White Group NN155B to C.The variation of plant type,leaf type and fruit type of white flower is not the same as that of original seed.In order to identify new species or original varieties or variants of these mutant plants,RPB2low copy nuclear markers were used for molecular identification of major related species between Sect.Camellia and Sect.Oleifera.The results showed that the kimur2-parameter distance of camellia species was0.019.Compared with other relative species,C.chekiangoleosa had closer relationship with C.vietnamensis and C.oleifera in Sect.Oleifera.The distance between the original species of C.chekiangoleosa and the variation of white flower is only0.005,which is much smaller than the distance between the relative species.Phylogenetic trees showed that different individuals of C.chekiangoleosa,including white-flower variation,could be clustered into one group according to the same species while separated from other species.The results supported that white-flower variation could be merged as the variation type of C.chekiangoleosa.The study distinguished C.chekiangoleosa from its related species,further provided one reliable research method for the authenticity screening of C.chekiangoleosa for production and application,and also provided an important molecular basis for the textual research of new varieties of C.chekiangoleosa.