基于NOAA数据的近11a贵州野火时空分布特征分析

The characteristics analysis of spatio-temporal distribution of wildfire in Guizhou based on NOAA data

用贵州省近11 a(2007—2017年)卫星遥感火险监测数据,对野外火灾发生的时空分布特征进行分析,结果表明:(1)春季是四季中野火发生频次最高的季节,占了全年的近一半,其次是冬季; 2月份野火发生频次最高,其次是3月份,2—5月发生的野火次数占了全年72. 6%。(2)近11 a遥感监测野火频次总体呈逐年减少的趋势,平均每年减少194起,变化分为2个变化阶段,2007—2010年处于上升趋势,2011—2017年呈现减少趋势。(3)从空间分布来看,9个市州中发生野火频次最高的是黔南,占全省的21. 3%,黔西南排第二,占全省的19. 7%,其后依次是毕节、安顺、黔东南、六盘水、遵义、铜仁和贵阳;各种植被中森林火灾占总野火频次的一半。

By using satellite remote sensing fire monitoring data from Guizhou province in the past 11 years(2007-2017), the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of wildfire were analyzed. The results show that:①Spring is the season with the highest frequency of wildfire accidents in the four seasons, accounting for nearly half of the year, and Winter is the second; Among them, wildfires are the most frequent in February, followed by March, then from February to May , wildfire accounts for 72.6% throughout the year.②In the past 11 years, the frequency of remote sensing monitoring wildfires has been decreasing year by year, with an average annual decrease of 194, and the changes can be divided into two stages: From 2007 to 2010, the trend was upward, and from 2011 to 2017 it showed a decreasing trend.③In terms of spatial distribution, the highest frequency of wildfires in 9 cities and counties was in southern Yunnan, accounting for 21.3 % of the province, and the Qianxinan ranked second, accounting for 19.7 % of the province, followed by Bijie, Anshun, Qiandongnan, Liupanshui, Zunyi, Tongren and Guiyang; In addition, forest fires account for half of the total number of wildfires in various vegetation.