从手工简易到多维综合——叠图法的发展历程、技术局限及优化途径

From Manual Simple to Multidimensional Comprehensive: The Development Process, Technical Limitation and Optimization Approach of Map-overlay Method

叠图法是风景园林规划设计的重要方法。梳理了叠图法的技术演进历程,根据不同时期方法的不同特征,将其划分为3个阶段:景观资源分类主导的手工简易叠图阶段、景观适宜性评价主导的叠加机制改良阶段,以及计算机技术介入的叠图技术精进阶段,并在应用范围和应用形式2个层面阐述了其应用历程的转变。在此基础上,探讨了叠图法的方法论本质及其技术局限,揭示叠图法对"如何认知景观"及"如何改变景观"这2个问题的探索及界限所在。最后针对叠图法的局限,提出了基于多维综合思想的叠图技术优化途径。

Map-overlay method is an important method in landscape planning and design.By combing the development process of map-overlay method,it is divided into three stages according to the different characteristics:the landscape resources classification dominant manual simple map-overlay stage,the landscape-suitability approaches dominant superposition theory improved stage,and the computer technology effective map-overlay technology optimized stage,and it expounds the transformation of its application process in two aspects of application scope and application form.On this basis,the methodological nature and technical limitations of map-overlay method are discussed,to reveal the exploration and limits of it on"how to recognize the landscape"and"how to change the landscape".Finally,aiming at the limitation of map-overlay method,the optimization approach of overlay technology based on multidimensional comprehensive thinking is proposed.