激光-电弧复合焊接技术国内研究现状及典型应用

Typical applications and research status of laser-arc hybrid welding technology

激光-电弧复合焊技术作为当前一种高效、优质焊接新技术的典型代表具有高速、高效、高稳定性、低变形、易于实现单面焊双面成形等技术优势,拥有广阔的工程应用前景。重点从其热场耦合特征、电弧物理特性、熔池特性等方面的研究结果,探讨并总结激光-电弧复合焊接技术在焊接过程具有形性控制独特优势的本质,为该焊接新技术的工程应用推广提供基础理论支持,并结合国内的工业基础情况及技术需求,重点介绍了激光-电弧复合焊接技术在工程机械、煤炭机械、轨道交通等几个高端装备制造领域的应用情况,分析了激光-电弧复合焊接技术在综合投资、焊接成效、节能环保等方面的综合优势。

As a high efficient and high quality welding technology,laser-arc hybrid welding technology has many advantages such as high speed,high efficient,high process stability,small distortion and one side welding with back formation and so on,and has wideprospect of engineering application. In laser-arc hybrid welding process,shape and property can be controlled,which was summarized and discussed from the coupling characteristics of thermal field,physical characteristics of arc,and weld pool and so on. The summaries in this paper can provide the theoretical support on engineering applications. Being combined the Industrial infrastructure and technical requirements in China,the application of laser-arc hybrid welding technology in engineering machinery,military industry,coal machinery and rail transit industry were introduced in detail,its comprehensive advantages in investment,efficiency and energy saving and environment-protection were analyzed.