基础教育阶段学校章程实施的困境与出路——基于案例研究的视角

The Dilemma and Resolution of Implementation of Basic Education School Constitution——Based on the Perspective of a Case Study

基础教育阶段,制定与实施学校章程是建设现代学校制度、完善教育治理的重要举措。然而,我国中小学在章程的制定与实施方面存在着诸多问题。通过案例研究和深度访谈发现,学校章程制定与实施存在两大基本问题:“知而不为”和“不知为何”,表现为在制定过程中专业化指导不足、制定主体单一、实施效果较弱,对于章程的意义和价值理解不透彻。要扭转困境,就需要强化专业知识的指导、促进学校自主性,促进多方参与、发挥地方教育行政部门的引导作用,深化对章程功能的理解,并采取适当的监督与激励机制。

In basic education,the establishment and implementation of school constitution is an important measure to build a modern school system and improve the governance of education.However,in practice,there are many problems in the formulation and implementation of the constitution.Through the case study and in-depth interviews,there are two basic problems of“Knowing without doing”and“Don’t know why”,embodied in a lack of professional guidance in the process of making the school constitution,its simple subject,the weak effect in its implementation,and poor understanding of its meaning and value.To reverse the plight,we need to strengthen the guidance of professional knowledge,to promote the school autonomy,to promote multi-party participation,to give play to the role of local administrative department of education,to deepen the understanding of the function of constitution,and to take the appropriate incentive mechanism.