某科技馆在消防设计中的难点、模拟分析及防火措施

DIFFICULTIES, ANALYSIS AND FIRE PREVENTION MEASURES IN THE DESIGN OF A SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MUSEUM

某科技馆设计成高层建筑,其中庭面积3953m2,首层疏散楼梯距室外47m,不符合建规"防火分区最大允许建筑面积为3000m2"、"楼梯间应在首层直通室外"的规定,成为消防设计中的难点问题。通过建立建筑疏散场景,对防火分区、人员密度、行动和反应时间等因素进行模拟分析,在测算人员必需疏散时间的基础上,提出中庭单独设置防火分区、二层设置外廊、防烟前室与直通室外的安全出口之间设置避难走道等措施,解决了消防设计问题,保证了建筑的消防安全。

A science and technology museum is designed as a high-rise building with a patio area of 3953m2 and a first floor evacuation stairway of 47 m away from the outside.It does not meet the regulations:The maximum allowable building area of the fire zone is 3000m^2;The stairwell should be derectly through to the outside on the first floor.That become a difficult problem in fire protection design.Through the establishment of the evacuation scene of the building, the fire safety division,personnel density,action and reaction time are simulated and analyzed.On the basis of the calcution of personnel evacuate time, it is proposed that the atrium is separately set up with fire partition,set up the outer corridor on the second floor,between the room of the smoke prevention and the safety exits that set up refuge walkways and other measures.The fire protection design problems are solved to ensure the fire safety of the buildings.