变革中的国外开放大学治理形态——以5所开放大学为例

Reform in the Governance Model of International Open Universities: Case Study on Five Open Universities

自全球第一所开放大学建立,历经半个多世纪的起步、发展和壮大,全球已建立200多所单一、双重和混合模式的开放大学。不同类型、时期、地域的开放大学治理形态存在显著的不同。本研究立足于5所国外著名开放大学,深入比较他们在治理形态上(文化系统和实质理性)的特征,进而归纳为3种主要模式。我国开放大学传统的管理模式已经不能适应新时期新型开放大学建设,严重阻碍了开放大学未来的发展。因此,通过深入比较国外开放大学的治理形态,进而反思转型期我国开放大学治理形态,为我国开放大学治理体系建设提供借鉴和参考。

Since the establishment of the first open university in the world, more than 200 open universities with single, dual and mixed models have been established in the world after more than half a century of starting,development and growth. There are significant differences in the governance forms of open universities in different types, periods and regions. This study, based on five internationally famous open universities, makes an in-depth comparison of the characteristics of the five open universities in terms of governance(cultural system and substantive reason), and then concludes three main modes. The traditional management mode of China’s Open University has been unable to adapt to the construction of a new open university in the new era, seriously hindering the future development of the Open University. Therefore, it is necessary to make a thorough comparison of the governance patterns of international open universities, and then reflect on the governance patterns of China’s open universities in transition period, so as to provide reference for the construction of China’s open university governance system.