微小型运载火箭发动机发展分析

Development and analysis of engines of microminiature launch vehicles

随着微小卫星的广泛应用,很多公司积极投入微小型运载火箭的研制和试验。近几年来,微小型运载火箭发动机技术有了长足发展。发动机是运载火箭最复杂、最重要的组成部分,是决定火箭性能和成本的关键因素。通过追踪国外微小型运载火箭发展现状,重点从发动机设计继承改进、新型塞式发动机应用、组合循环发动机、发动机3D打印制造以及发动机先进复合材料应用等方面分析了其所采用发动机的关键技术,并从发动机的继承改进、创新应用和低成本制造等方面提出了一些发展建议。

With the widespread use of microminiature satellites,many companies have actively engaged in the development and test of microminiature launch vehicles.In recent years,engine technology of microminiature launch vehicles has developed quickly.Engine is the most complex and important component of the launch vehicle and also the key factor which determines performance and cost of a launch vehicle.By tracking the develop status of foreign microminiature launch vehicles,the key technologies of the engines used in the microminiature launch vehicles were analyzed in this paper inaspects of engine design inheritance and improvement,applications of new aerospike engine,combined cycle engine,3D printing engine manufacturand and advanced composite materials application.Some development proposals were presented inaspects of engine inheritance and improvement,innovative applications,low-cost manufacturing and so on.