CRISPR系统用于昆虫基因表达调控的研究进展与展望

Progress and prospects of CRISPR system in the regulation of gene expression in insects

昆虫基因功能研究因缺少相应的工具而受到明显限制,但CRISPR/Cas9系统的出现为昆虫基因编辑及转录调控研究提供巨大助力。将Cas9核酸酶的RuvC和HNH剪切结构域失活改造得到的dCas9系统近年来在基因转录调控方面得到了广泛应用,同时CRISPR/dCpf1和最新发现的CRISPR/Cas13(a/b)系统为基因功能研究提供更多选择。本文综述了dCas9, dCpf1及Cas13(a/b)系统作用机理及在果蝇中的转录调控研究进展,以期为相关昆虫研究提供参考。

The study of gene function in insects is restricted by lacking of relevant tools.However,the emergence of CRISPR/Cas9 system provides great help for the research of gene editing and transcriptional regulation in insects.dCas9 with catalytically dead mutant RuvC and HNH domains of Cas9 has been widely used in the transcriptional regulation of genes in recent years.Meanwhile,CRISPR/dCpf1 and the newly discovered CRISPR/Cas13(a/b)systems provide more options for gene function research.In this article,the mechanism of dCas9,dCpf1 and Cas13(a/b)systems and the progress of their application in the transcriptional regulation in Drosophila were systematically overviewed,aiming to provide a reference for future related studies of insects.