日粮钠添加种类及水平对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及肉品质的影响

Effects of different sodium sources and levels on growth performance,serum biochemistry indices and meat quality of broilers

文章旨在研究日粮添加不同种类的钠及水平对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及肉品质的影响。试验选择1 d商品肉鸡(公母各半)1008只,随机分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复28只。试验采用3×3设计试验,即3种钠种类:氯化钠、小苏打和硫酸钠,3个钠水平:2、1.5和1.0 g/kg,试验共进行126 d。结果显示:2、1.5较1 g/kg钠水平显著提高126 d肉鸡的体重(P <0.05);氯化钠较小苏打和硫酸钠显著提高了1～28 d肉鸡的日增重(P <0.05),但显著降低了85～126 d肉鸡的日增重(P <0.05);钠添加水平和形式对1～28 d和29～56 d肉鸡料重比的影响表现为显著交互效应(P <0.05)。1 g/kg较2.0 g/kg钠水平显著提高了112 d肉鸡粪中干物质含量(P <0.05)。2 g/kg较1 g/kg钠水平组显著提高了血清镁、磷、钠和氯的水平(P <0.05),氯化钠较小苏打显著提高了血清钾水平(P <0.05)。氯化钠较小苏打显著降低了十二指肠黏度和干物质含量(P <0.05),小苏打和硫酸钠组较氯化钠组显著降低了空肠pH(P <0.05)。氯化钠组较小苏打组显著提高了肌肉滴水损失(P <0.05)。结论 :在本试验条件下,日粮1.0 g/kg钠水平显著影响肉鸡生长早期的饲料利用率,氯化钠、小苏打和硫酸钠可以改善肉鸡料重比,但小苏打降低了胸肌产量。

This study was conducted to evaluate the different sodium sources and levels on growth performance,serum biochemistry indices and meat quality of broilers. A total of 1008 broilers aged 1 d were allotted to 9 groups with 4 replicates of 28 broilers. There are 3×3 factors,namely,three sodium sources(Nacl,NaHCO3 and Na2 SO4),and three dietary sodium levels(2,1.5 and 1.0 g/kg). The trial last 126 d. Results showed that compared with the 1 g/kg sodium group,2 and 1.5 g/kg sodium groups had higher body weight at 126 d(P <0.05),and Nacl group had higher weight gain than NaHCO3 and Na2SO4 groups at 1 ~ 28 d(P <0.05). Compared with the 2 g/kg sodium group,1 g/kg sodium group had higher contents of dry matter in fences at 112 d(P <0.05). Compared with the 1 g/kg sodium group,2 g/kg sodium group had higher serum levels of Mg,P,Na and Cl(P <0.05). Nacl group had higher serum level of K than the NaHCO3 group(P <0.05),and lower contents of dry matter and viscosity(P <0.05)and lower ileum pH value(P <0.05),and higher dressing percentage(P< 0.05). In conclusion,dietary included 1.0% sodium level can affect the feed efficiency of broilers at the early stage,and Nacl and NaHCO3 can improve the feed grain ratio,while NaHCO3 decreased the breast meat production.