“众声喧哗”与主体召唤——赵树理小说中的“对话”与“言说”

“Various Voices” and Calling for the Subject——Dialogue and Speech in Zhao Shuli's Novels

赵树理小说中存在大量的"对话"与"言说",是值得探讨的创作现象。在故事层面,人物语言在发挥叙事功能的同时,还构成"众声喧哗"的语言景观,突出农民主体在变革背景下"有话要说"的历史境况,反映农民群体在农村社会变革中的历史主体性与重要性。在叙事层面,赵树理试图克服农民与现代小说的隔膜,以对话式叙述模拟传统民间叙事的现场情境,进而通过与假想听众的潜在对话,在追求开放性、交互性的文学形式中包含一种召唤主体的写作策略。

There are a lot of dialogues and speeches in Zhao Shuli's novels,which as a creative phenomenon is worth discussing.At the story level,while playing the narrative function,the language of the characters constitutes a language landscape of"various voices",which highlights the historical circumstance of peasant as the"speaker"that have something to say with mixed feelings under the background of changes,and reflects the historical subjectivity and importance of peasant s'group in rural social changes.At the narrative level,Zhao Shuli tries to overcome the separation between peasants and modern novels.He used conversational narrative to simulate the traditional folk narrative context of the scene,and guided novel recipients to look back at their own situation and position through a potential dialogue with the imaginary audience.So there is a writing strategy to call subject in the open and interactive literary form.