机车车辆车下悬挂箱体设备安装座疲劳寿命仿真优化分析

Simulation and Optimization Analysis of Fatigue Life of Lower Suspension Box of Equipment Mounting Seat on Locomotive and Rolling Stock

机车车辆在运行过程中,传递给车下悬挂箱体的随机振动激励与箱体内部结构的固有频率相接近时,会使结构产生共振而发生疲劳破坏。为研究箱体安装座在振动载荷下发生疲劳破坏的原因,基于结构振动疲劳寿命分析方法,采用有限元软件对悬挂箱体结构进行随机振动疲劳寿命分析。然后利用Dirlik法和Miner线性损伤累积准则对箱体设备安装座进行疲劳损伤评估,并对结构进行仿真优化。经分析表明,箱体安装座的疲劳寿命与安装设备的高度、质量以及安装座刚度有关,这些部件参数决定了箱体内部结构的固有频率,从而影响结构疲劳损伤的大小。

During the running process of the rolling stock,the random vibration excitation transmitted to the lower hanging box of the vehicle is close to the natural frequency of the internal structure of the box,which causes resonance of the structure and fatigue damage.In order to study the causes of fatigue damage of the box seat under vibration load,based on the structural vibration fatigue life analysis method,the finite element software is used to analyze the random vibration fatigue life of the suspension box structure.Then the Dirlik method and Miner linear damage accumulation criterion are used to evaluate the fatigue damage of the structure,and the cabinet mount structure is simulated and optimized.The analysis shows that the fatigue life of the box mount is related to the height and quality of the installation equipment and the rigidity of the mount.These component parameters determine the natural frequency of the internal structure of the cabinet,which affects the fatigue damage of the structure.