不同类型跨国技术溢出对中国专利产出的影响研究

Impact of International Technological Spillover through Different Channels on Patent Output in China

研究目标:分析进口贸易、FDI、跨国专利申请和人员流动多种渠道技术溢出对中国专利产出的影响。研究方法:运用专利生产函数对比分析4种跨国技术溢出对中国专利产出的影响效果。选取人均研发存量、人力资本和经济发展水平为门槛变量,分别检验不同跨国溢出对专利产出的吸收能力门槛效应。研究发现:跨国专利申请是中国专利产出增长的最主要来源;进口贸易和FDI显著促进了中国创新产出增长;人员流动溢出对我国专利产出具有滞后的正向效应。随着各省份吸收能力的提高,进口贸易、跨国专利申请对创新产出的影响效应逐渐增大;而FDI和人员流动在跨越相应门槛后才对创新活动产生正向效应。研究创新:在同一个研究框架中系统分析不同类型技术溢出的影响效果和门槛效应。研究价值:为我国整合国内外创新资源促进专利产出提供科学依据。

Research Objectives: Investigating the effects of International technological knowledge through international trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), transnational patent application and student flow on patent output in China.Research Methods: Based on patent production function, the paper comparatively analyzes the impact of these four types of spillover on innovation outputs in China.Moreover, by taking R&D capital stock per capita, human capital and GDP per capita as threshold variables, we explore whether the effect of each type of technological spillover on innovative outputs depends on absorptive capacity.Research Findings: The paper finds out that, technological spillovers from transnational patent application are the principal sources of innovative output growth; spillovers from international trade and FDI significantly contribute to innovative activities in China; spillover effect from student flow is actually lagged.Furthermore, the results show that spillover effect from international trade and transnational patent application increases as the absorptive capacity of each province improves, while spillover effect from FDI and student flow happens only when the absorptive capacity of the province is strong enough.Research Innovations: Analyzing different types of technological spillover effects and threshold effects in an integrated framework.Research Value: It provides scientific evidence for China's attempt to increase patent output by integrating both domestic and foreign innovative resources.