特发性黄斑裂孔手术方式进展

Progress of idiopathic macular hole surgery

特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)是没有明显相关的原发病变而自行发生黄斑中心凹区的全层视网膜组织的缺损,其起病隐匿,一旦发病,可严重影响患者的中心视力和生活质量。目前,随着手术操作系统的不断丰富、精准,IMH的治疗技术进一步成熟,但是在某些方面如内界膜剥除对视网膜功能的影响、手术方式的选择等方面仍然存在着争议。本文从IMH的发病机制及手术方式的进展作一综述,以期指导临床手术方式措施制定,达到最佳临床选择和降低手术并发症发生的目的。

Idiopathic macular hole(IMH) is a full-thickness dehiscence of the neural retinal tissue in the fovea that occurs without any significant primary lesion. Its onset is insidious, once the onset of the disease occurs, the patient's central vision and quality of life will be seriously affected. With the continuous enrichment and refinement of the operating system, the treatment techniques of IMH become increasingly mature, but there are still controversies in some aspects such as internal limiting membrane peeling effect on retinal function, selection of the operation pattern et al. This article reviews the progress of IMH in terms of the pathogenesis and operation method, hoping to guide the formulation of clinical operation methods, to achieve the best clinical selection and reduce surgical complications.