北宋荫补制度下的家族仕途选择与转变

Selection and Transformation of Clan Official Career under Yinbu System in Northern Song Dynasty

荫补制度作为宋代职官选任的重要组成部分,对北宋政治宗族的发展走向产生了深刻的内在影响。北宋一代,荫补制度恩例与限制并存的演变特征和逐渐发展完善的科举制度对其深刻的外部冲击,推动了为谋求家族长远发展的官宦家族及普通科举家族子弟的入仕途径和家族发展方向的自发转变,更新了这两类家族较为单一的传统入仕途径,也反映了该制度在北宋政治社会生活中存在的合理性。

As an important part of the official selection system in Song Dynasty,Yinbu system has a profound internal influence on the development trend of the political patriarchal clans in Northern Song Dynasty.The evolution characteristics of the coexistence of benefits and limitations of the Yinbu system itself in Northern Song Dynasty and the profound external impact of the gradually developed imperial examination system have all prompted the spontaneous transformation of the approach of entering official career and the direction of the bureaucratic family and the general family for a long-term development,which updates the traditional single approach of entering official career of these two families,and also reflects the rationality of this system in the political and social life of Northern Song Dynasty.