十三世达赖喇嘛新政失效因素探析——基于对藏汉英文献的分析

An Analysis of the Ineffectiveness of the 13^(th) Dalai Lama's New Reform:Based on the Tibetan,Chinese and English Literature

十九世纪末至二十世纪初,西藏社会面临内忧外患的困境。在此期间,以达赖喇嘛为首的西藏有识之士为了实现富强实行了在西藏历史上影响深远的政治、经济、文化改革,这一改革在学界被称之为"十三世达赖喇嘛新政"。然而,西藏的旧势力和传统文化观念对新政层层阻挠,致使新政失效。本文以藏、汉、英相关文献资料为依据,对达赖喇嘛新政的历史背景、权力结构、改革动力、社会阻力等内容进行研究,分析新政失效的根本原因。

From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Tibetan society was facing the predicament of internal and external problems. During this period, in order to achieve prosperity and strength, Tibetans of insight led by the Dalai Lama have implemented far-reaching political, economic, and cultural reforms in Tibet's history. This reform is known in the academic community as "The 13th Dalai Lama's Reform". However, the old forces and traditional culture in Tibet blocked the new political reform and caused the New Reform to fail. Based on the relevant documents of Tibetan, Chinese, and English literature, this article studies the historical background, power structure, motivation for reform, and social resistance of the Dalai Lama's New Reform, and analyzes the root causes of the failure of the New Reform.