贫困山区农户耕地流转的影响因素分析——以山西和顺县为例

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Farmers' Cultivated Land Transfer in Poor Mountainous Areas——Taking Heshun County of Shanxi Province as an Example

土地流转关乎广大农民的基本生活和农业发展,引导耕地健康流转已成为学术热点。基于和顺县农村土地确权工作、抽样调查和入户访谈,通过构建Logistic模型,分析贫困山区农户的耕地流转影响因素,探讨更为有效的引导机制。结果表明,兼业人数、劳动力人数和农业保险是影响农户耕地转入的主要因素,家庭最高受教育水平、人均耕地面积和农业保险是影响农户耕地转出的主要因素;贫困山区的社会保障有效规避了耕地流转风险,活跃了耕地流转市场。农村土地流转政策应针对农村发展合理进行改革,强化以农业生产为主的农户专业技能,促进其向专业大户、家庭农场发展,同时提升非农就业农户的文化素养和非农就业竞争力,鼓励放开耕地经营权。

The land transfer is related to the basic livelihood of farmers and the development of agriculture,and it has become an academic hotspot to guide cultivated land health circulation.In this study,the methods of the adjudication of land-rights in rural areas,sampling survey and Logistic model were used to analyze the factors affecting farmer’s arable land circulation and explore more effective guidance mechanisms.The results showed that the main factors affecting the transfer-in of cultivated land to farmers were the number of part-time farmers,the number of labor and agricultural insurance,the highest level of education,cultivated land area per person and agricultural insurance were the main factors affecting the transfer-out of cultivated land to farmers.The social security in poor mountainous areas effectively avoided the risk of farmland circulation and activated the market of farmland circulation.In conclusion,the rural land circulation policy should be reformed rationally for rural development.In order to promote rural cultivated land circulation market,we should strengthen professional skills of farmers who mainly focused on agricultural production and promote their development towards professional large households and family farms.Meanwhile,it was also important to encourage non-agricultural employment farmers to transfer out cultivated land management rights actively and autonomously.Therefore,we should improve their educational level,enhance their competitiveness in non-agricultural employment and establish and improve the urban and rural social security system.