无痛康复护理干预对老年全膝关节置换术患者膝关节肿胀、疼痛及功能恢复的影响

Effect of painless rehabilitation nursing intervention on swelling,pain and functional recovery of the knee joint in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

目的探讨无痛康复护理干预对老年全膝关节置换术患者围术期中肿胀、疼痛及膝关节功能恢复的影响效果。方法选取2014年7月至2017年7月我院进行全膝关节置换术的老年患者74例作为研究对象,随机将其等分为干预组和对照组,对照组给予常规护理,干预组在对照组基础上给予无痛康复护理。记录并比较两组患者不同时间膝关节周径变化、疼痛(VAS)评分及膝关节功能(HSS)评分。结果两组患者术后1,3,7 d膝关节周径变化均依次明显减小;干预组患者术后3,7 d膝关节周径变化均明显小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。两组患者术后1,3,7 d VAS评分依次明显降低;干预组VAS评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。两组患者术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月HSS评分均依次明显上升,组内比较均具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);干预组患者术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月HSS评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论对老年全膝关节置换术患者围术期中给予无痛康复护理干预,可明显缓解膝关节肿胀、疼痛,有助于患者术后膝关节功能恢复,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To discuss the effect of painless rehabilitation nursing intervention on swelling,pain and functional recovery of the knee joint during perioperative period in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Methods To select 74 cases of elderly patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty in our hospital from July 2014 to July 2017 as study subjects,and they were divided into intervention group and control group with the same number of patients randomly.Patients in the control group received routine nursing,while patients in the intervention group received painless rehabilitation nursing on the basis of the control group.The changes of knee circumference,visual analogue scale(VAS)score and knee joint function(HSS)score of the two groups at different time were recorded and compared.Results The changes of knee joints circumference were significantly decreased in the two groups at the 1st day,3rd day,and 7th day after the operation.The changes of knee joints circumference in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group at the 3rd day and 7th day after the operation,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The VAS scores of patients in the two groups were significantly decreased at the 1st day,3rd day and 7th day after the operation.The VAS score of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The HSS score of patients in the two groups were increased significantly at the 1st week,the 1st month,the 3rd month and the 6th month after the operation.The comparisons among the groups were all statistically significant(P<0.05).The HSS score of patients in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at the 1st week,the 1st month,the 3rd month and the 6th month after the operation,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Applying painless rehabilitation nursing intervention in the elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty during perioperative period can relieve the swelling and pain of the knee joint significantly.In addition,it is beneficial to the function recovery of knee joints,which was worthy of clinical promotion and application.