泰国的汉语教育政策变迁与汉语教育的发展

Policy changes and the development of Chinese education in Thailand

泰国的汉语教育经历了孕育、发展、低迷和繁荣四个生命成长周期。其发展轨迹为:从20世纪前并不规范系统的汉语政策、20世纪初至30年代间的语言同化政策、政治改革至中泰建交前对汉语教育的严加管制政策到目前开放和包容的汉语教育政策,每个阶段的政策导向都有其深刻的历史、政治和社会原因,汉语教育也随之呈现出不同的发展趋势。文章系统梳理泰国汉语教育政策、解读其深层原因并分析各个阶段的特点,为进一步了解泰国的汉语教育大环境,加快汉语国际传播的步伐提供了新的思路和要求。

Chinese education in Thailand has undergone the incubation,development,stagnancy and prosperity stages.From the unsystematic policy on Chinese language before the 20th century,the assimilation policy from the early 20th century to the 1930s,the restriction policy from the Thai political reform to the establishment of China-Thailand diplomatic relations,to the open and inclusive policy at present,the policy orientation at each stage was closely related to its history,politics and social background,thus leading to different development trends in its Chinese education.A systematic analysis of Thai policies on Chinese education,its underlying causes and the features at each stage contributes to further understanding of Chinese education in Thailand and provides new ideas and methods to speed up the international promotion of Chinese.