基于Landsat卫星影像的江淮分水岭土地利用空间特征分析

Analysis of spatial feature of land use in Jianghuai Watershed based on Landsat images

为了解江淮分水岭区域土地利用特点和空间布局特征,基于Landsat系列卫星2005年、2010年和2017年遥感影像解译数据,结合GIS空间分析技术和计量地理模型,从利用程度、组合类型和区位意义角度对江淮分水岭土地利用状况进行研究。结果表明:江淮分水岭区域以耕地和建设用地为主要地类,各地类数量差异明显;土地利用多样化和集中化处于中等水平;土地利用程度差异明显,地类组合是以耕地为主的2～3个地类的组合;西部多样化水平较高,东部集中化水平较高,西部和西北部区域地类组合类型较为丰富;耕地和建设用地的区位意义相对突出,但建设用地逐渐增强,耕地逐渐下降;研究区内各地类斑块形状相对复杂,但复杂度逐渐降低,耕地和建设用地分布相对集中,草地和未利用地分布较为离散。

The purpose of the report is to understand characteristics of land utilization and spatial layout in Jianghuai Watershed area.Based on remote sensing image interpretation data of Landsat series satellite in 2005,2010,and 2017,combined with the methods of modern geographic information space analysis technique and quantitative geography model,the land utilization situation is studied from the perspective of utilization level,combination type and location significance in Jianghuai Watershed area.The result shows that the cultivated land and construction land is mainly important land utilization types in Jianghuai Watershed area and the differences in the number of land utilization types are obvious.The levels of the diversification and centralization of land utilization is medium level.The difference of land-use degree is obvious.Cultivated land is included in every combination of land utilization types and most of the combinations have two or three land utilization types.Western diversification level of land utilization is higher,and eastern concentration level of land utilization is higher.The types of land utilization combination are more abundant in western and northwestern areas.The regional meanings of cultivated land and construction land are prominent relatively.And the location significance of the construction land gradually increases,but the significance of cultivated land gradually decreases.The patch shape of all land utilization types is relatively complicated but the complexity decreases in Jianghuai Watershed area.The distribution of cultivated land and construction land is relatively concentrated.The distribution of grassland and unused land is relatively discrete.