河南信阳老鸦河水库冬季渔业资源调查

Survey of Fisheries Resources in Laoyahe Reservoir in Xinyang, Henan Province, in Winter

为探究老鸦河水库中鱼类资源和渔获物量状况,加强保护老鸦河水库花国家级水产种质资源保护区内的花Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker,2015年10月至12月采用地笼和迷魂阵等调查老鸦河水库的鱼类资源。结果表明:老鸦河水库现有鱼类36种,隶属于5目9科31属,其中鲤形目23属28种,占全部种类的77.78%;鲈形目4属4种,占全部总类的11.11%;鲑形目2属2种,占全部种类的5.55%;合鳃目、鲇形目均为1属1种,各占全部种类的2.78%。2015年10月23—25日,老鸦河水库捕获的2 135.13kg、22 190尾渔获物中,主要经济鱼类是鲢Hypophthalmichthys molitrix、鳙Aristichthys nobilis、鲫Carassius auratus、鲤Cyprinus carpio、草鱼Ctenopharyn odon idellus和泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus,优势种为鲫、似鱎Toxabramis swinhonis、泥鳅和青虾Macrobrachium nipponense。此次采集的鱼体规格普遍较小,表明水库鱼类出现小型化和低龄化现象。此次调查采集的花数量较少,应加强花的保护。

The fisheries resources were surveyed using a ground cage and a trap in Laoyahe Reservoir in Xinyang, Henan province, as a National Protection Area of Aquatic Germplasm of Hemibarbus maculates, from October to December in 2015 in order to explore the fish resources and catches, and to strengthen the management of Hemibarbus maculatus in the protection area. It was found that there were 36 species of fish belonging to 5 orders, 9 families and 31 genera in Laoyahe Reservoir, with dominant species, 28 species of 23 genera in Cypriniformes, accounting for 77.78% of the total species; 4 species of 4 genera in Perciformes, accounting for 11.11%; 2 species of 2 genera in Salmoniformes accounting for 5.55%; 1 species of 1 generus in Siluriformes and Synbranchiformes were accounting for 2.78%, respectively. Totally, 22 190 fish weighting 2 135.13 kg were collected on October 23 to 25, 2015, and silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis), crucian carp(Carassius auratus), common carp(Cyprinus carpio),grass carp(Ctenopharyn odon idellus), loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)and freshwater shrimp(Macrobrachium nipponense)were the main economically important species in Laoyahe Reservoir. The dominant species were crucian carp, Toxabramis swinhonis, loach and freshwater shrimp. The collected fish in the current survey had in general small size, indicating that the fish in the reservoir becomes smaller and younger. There were few Hemibarbus maculatus collected in this survey, showing that special protection measurement should be taken for Hemibarbus maculatus.